Internal-combustion engine.



W. M. @BLM-gg., INTERNAL GOMBILSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1912.

1,651,537. Patented Jan. 28,' 191:3,

z MEETS- SHEET 1f :.NvENToR. WMA/afaem.

W. M. APPLBTON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1912.

Patented Jan. 28, 1913 2 SHBETSSHEET 2.

/NVENTOR WMA ggf W'ITNESSS Awami/6g I, WILLIAM MOETEN APPLETON, OF WESTON-SUPER-MARE, ENGLAND.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Spectacation of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 28,1913,

Application tiled May 25, 1912. Serial No. 699,720.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, lVrLLrAM MOETEN ArrLEroN, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Tyn-y- Coed, Hill Road, VVeston-su er-Marc, in the county of Somerset, En lan have invented certain new and useful mprovements in 1ntcrnal-Combuston Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines of the two-cycle type in which three pairs of cylinders or multiples thereof are employed, the units of each pair bein of different diameters and arranged tan em fashion, one cylinder of each pair being a displacer cylinder und the other a power cylinder, and in which the pistons of the power cylinders onl function as distributing valves, and it lias for its object simplifying the construction of this type of engine, which end I attain by a certain dis osition and arran ement of the inlet and istribution ports ereinafter particularly specified.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate this invention s--Figure 1 is a view in sectional side elevation through one of the compound cylinders, Fig. 2 is a threepart sectional plan on lines w w y y and z z, Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view in elevation s owing the various ports and their means of inter-communication, and Fig. 4 isa dia am showing the cycle of operations in eac of the cylinders.

Throughout the views similar parte are markedwith like letters of reference.

The three compound c linders a a1, b bI and c1 are arranged si e by side in close proximity to one another, and the compound istonfa a, and'similar pistons in the cylindersb b? and c c1 denoted by the character b2 and' c are 'coupled by suitable connecting rods-d tothe crank-pins al1 d2 and d of a three-throw crank-shaft d, said cranks being set' at an anglel of 120 to one another. The smaller'cylmders a b and c are the power' c linders and the larger one a1 b1 and ct e'displacer cylinders. In each of the powercylinders a b and o is an admission or.A inlet port e, an exhaust port f, and a by-port y'. The inlet ports e are so located that they are never uncovered by the powerpistons and each'opens into a common chamber m, which is in communication by a-passa e m1 with the carbureter or other source of uelsupply. The exhaust ports f and the by-ports j are so located that they are both uncovered by the power pistons as they approach the `ends of their working strokes, the former slighly in advance ot the latter. In each of the displacer cylinders a b and c1 is a distribution port l which is always open and is not controlled bly the piston of said cylinder. In each of tie power istons a b and c2 is a recess nl which is o such a shape and is so located that it puts the inlet port c and the byport j into communicatlon at and during a predetermined part of the cycle of the cngine. The by-ports j of the three power cylinders are connected with the distribution ports Z of the displacer cylinders by passages r1 r2 and r3. These passages are preferably formed in a single piece or caslng r adapted to be fixed over the ports j e and l of all the cylinders, as shown in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawing.

In action the displacer cylinder of each pair of the three cylinders draws in its charge of gaseous mixture through its distribution port Z, one of the passages r r* or r2, the by-port j of the ower cylinder' et one of the other pairs, t e recess 'a in the piston of said other power cylinder, and the inlet port e of said other power cylinder, and delivers the gaseous mixture into the combustion space of the power cylinder of the same air through the by-port y' of same power cy Inder.

The cycle of operations is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 4. The inner circle marked P refers to the ower cylinder and the outer circle marked refers to the displacer" cylinder. The cycle of operations in each of the power cylinders is as follows Fron'i 1 to 3 represents the firing or power part of the stroke of the power piston. At 3 the exhaust port is opened by the piston. At l the b -port is opened by the piston, thereby a mitting a charge from the displacer cylinder of one of t e other pairs. At 5 said b -port is closed by the piston. At (3 the ex aust port is closed by the piston, and from 6 to l the char e is compressed. At 2 the communication tween the inlet port and the by-port through the recess in the piston is cut ofi', and at 7 said communication is restored. The simultaneous cycle of operations in each of the displacer cylinders is as followsz-From8t09 the charge is bcing drawn in through the distribution port and the inlet and by-ports of the power cyl- :Sti

Ait

till

inderofuone of the other pairs. From 9 to 10 said'charge is being compressed. From 10 to 11 said compressed charge is passing into the power cylinder of one of the other pairs through its own distribution )ort and the by-port of said power eylint er, and from 11' to 8 a vacuum is beiner produced preparatory to drawing inanotiier charge.

l lvlien the engine is designed to have its power cylinders scavenged by air, an air `port g is formed in the `wall of each of the power pistons, said port being so located as to putthe by iort j into communication wit i the atmosphere through the compound piston and Vthe crank-chaiiiber-wliich is open to the atmosphere-during both the up anddown strokes of the power piston so that air is drawn into the displacer cylinders both before and after the explosive mixture. To prevent the air port g o )cnin to the admission or inlet port e w en it passes over it, said port is provided with a bridge piece p over which said port passes as shown in Fig. 2.

When it is inconvenient to place the carbureter on.tlie saine side of the engine as the group of ports the connecting passage m to the admission or inlet chamber m may be carried around one of the cylinders or between two of said cylinders when the desie'n will permit of saine.

llVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. In an internal combustion engine of the two-cycle type, the combination of three pairs of c ylinders, one of each pair being a power cy inder and the other a displacer cylinder, compound pistons working in said cylinders, an inlet port in each power cylinder, a by-port, in each power cylinder, an exhaust port in each power cylinder, a distribution port in each displacer cylinder, a recess in each of the power pistons adapted to put the inlet port into communication iti theby-port, a common passage connecting the inlet ports of all the power cylinders,.and distribution passages connecting-thefb -ports of the power cylinders with the istribution ports of the displacer cylinders, as set forth.'

2.!Inraninternal combustion engine of the two-cycle type, the combination of three pairs' of cylinders, each pair being arranged tandem fashion-and one of cach pair being a power4 cylinder and the other a displacer cylinder,` compound pistons working in said cylinders van .inlet port in cach power'cylinder,".a ort in Aeach power cylinder, a recessfin' eac ower piston adapted to put the'inlet'and yports into communication during uypredetermined part of the stroke of V-said-fiston, an exhaust port in each power'cyindcr, a distribution port in each displacer cylinder, a common passage connecting the inlet ports, and three distribution passages each connecting the by-port of the power cylinder of one pair and the distribution port of the displacer cylinder of one of the other pairs, all said passages being formed in a single ieee or casting.

3. In an internal com ustion engine oi' the two-cycle type, the combination of three pairs of cylinders, one of each pair beingr a power cylinder and the other a. displacer ey iiider, compound istons working in said cylinders, a crank c iamber open to the atmosphere an inlet port in each power cylinder, a by-port in each power cylinder. a recess in each power piston adapted to put the inlet port and by-port into coinniunieation durin a predetermined part of the stroke of said piston, an exhaust port -n each power cylinder, an air port in each power cylinder which at a predetermined iart of the stroke of said piston puts the series of compound singleacting cylinders,

one of each pair being the power part and 'the other the displacer art, a crank-chain- 4ber open to the atmos ere on which said cylinders are mounte compound pistons working in said cylinders, an inlet port in Ieach power part, a by-port in each power part, a recess in each power piston adapted vto put the inlet and by- )orts into coni- .munication during' a prec etermined part of the stroke ofl said piston, an exhaust port ineach power part, an air port in each fpower part adapted at a predetermined part of the stroke of said piston to pnt the y-port into communication with the atmosphere through the crankchamber, a vdistribution port in each displacer part, a .passage connecting the inlet ports, and distribution passages connecting the by-poi-ts of the power parts of the compound cylinders with the distribution ports of the dis- 'placer parts of theother cylinders, as setforth.

In testmony'whereof I atlix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM MORTEN APPLETON.

Witnesses:

E. J. BUssELL, E. E. TYLER.

Sopicilo'tithil patent may be obtained for tive cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of yatcnts,

'l Washington, D. 0." 

